Autoimmune Encephalitis: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis
Received Date: Sep 02, 2025 / Published Date: Sep 30, 2025
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) comprises inflammatory brain disorders characterized by autoantibodies targeting neuronal anti
gens, leading to varied neurological symptoms. Early diagnosis and immunotherapy are crucial for favorable prognoses. Advances in
identifying autoantibodies, including those against intracellular targets, have refined understanding and treatment strategies. Diagnos
tic approaches integrate clinical findings, CSF analysis, autoantibody testing, and neuroimaging. Treatment involves immunomod
ulatory therapies such as corticosteroids, IVIg, and plasma exchange, with second-line options for refractory cases. Anti-NMDA
receptor encephalitis is a prevalent subtype, and paraneoplastic AE is linked to underlying cancers. Prognosis varies, emphasizing
ongoing research in neurorehabilitation and understanding predictors of recovery
Citation: 脗聽Berger T (2025) Autoimmune Encephalitis: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis. JNID 16: 584.
Copyright: 漏 2025 Thomas Berger This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted聽use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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