中国P站

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases pose a growing global burden, driven by diverse modifiable risk factors. These include metabolic imbalances like non-optimal blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol, as well as lifestyle choices such as e-cigarette use, obesity, and inadequate sleep. Environmental factors like air pollution and psychosocial elements like chronic stress also significantly contribute. Emerging concerns include the cardiovascular sequelae of Long COVID. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach, integrating public health initiatives, personalized risk management, and the innovative application of precision medicine to mitigate widespread cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.