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Abstract

Dental caries, a prevalent multifactorial disease, results from tooth demineralization influenced by bacteria, diet, host factors, and
time. Early detection aids in minimally invasive treatment, with advancements in diagnostic technologies complementing traditional
methods. Fluoride therapy and dental sealants are cornerstones of prevention, while dietary habits significantly impact caries de
velopment. Host susceptibility also plays a critical role. Modern management emphasizes conservative approaches, with a growing
understanding of the oral microbiome and public health strategies contributing to caries control.