Complex Migraine Mechanisms: A Neurovascular, Genetic, Inflammatory Overview
Received Date: Sep 01, 2025 / Published Date: Sep 29, 2025
Abstract
Migraine pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of neurovascular, genetic, and inflammatory factors. Cortical spreading depression, trigeminal nerve activation, and neuropeptide release, especially CGRP, are central. Genetic predispositions influence susceptibility, while neuroinflammation and ion channel dysfunction contribute to pain mechanisms. Brainstem modulation and HPA axis regulation are also implicated. Mitochondrial dysfunction may further contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability. These multifaceted mechanisms are crucial for understanding migraine and developing targeted therapies.
Keywords: Migraine Pathogenesis脥戮 Cortical Spreading Depression脥戮 Trigeminal Nerve脥戮 CGRP脥戮 Genetics脥戮 Neuroinflammation脥戮 Ion Channels脥戮 Brainstem脥戮 HPA Axis脥戮 Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Citation: Malhotra R (2025) Complex Migraine Mechanisms: A Neurovascular, Genetic, Inflammatory Overview. jpar 14: 775. Doi: 10.4172/2167-0846.1000775
Copyright: © 2025 Ritu Malhotra This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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