中国P站

Abstract

The field of plant genetic engineering has undergone a transformative evolution, driven by the advent of precise and efficient genome editing technologies. CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary tool derived from bacterial immune systems, has enabled targeted modifications of plant genomes with unprecedented accuracy, significantly advancing crop improvement strategies. This technology has rapidly surpassed traditional methods such as transgenic modification and marker-assisted selection, offering streamlined and cost-effective solutions for enhancing yield, disease resistance, stress tolerance, and nutritional content in plants. Beyond CRISPR, next-generation techniques such as base editing, prime editing, and synthetic biology are broadening the scope of possibilities in plant biotechnology. These tools allow for fine-tuned control over gene function and expression, opening new avenues for sustainable agriculture and food security. This paper reviews the progression from early genetic engineering methods to modern genome editing systems, emphasizing the transformative impact of CRISPR and its successors on the future of plant science.