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Abstract

Psychiatric diagnosis is shifting towards integrating neurobiological findings with clinical phenotypes, utilizing advancements in
neuroimaging, genetics, and machine learning to improve accuracy and personalize treatment. Challenges persist in early psychosis,
neurodevelopmental disorders, and major depressive disorder diagnosis, with ongoing research in biomarkers and dimensional ap
proaches. Functional neuroimaging and frameworks like RDoC are reshaping diagnostic paradigms. Specialized assessments are
needed for geriatric populations, and diagnostic criteria continue to be refined based on empirical evidence.