中国P站

Abstract

Mucosal immunity plays a pivotal role in protecting the body against harmful pathogens while maintaining tolerance to harmless antigens, particularly in areas exposed to the external environment, such as the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracts. The mucosal immune system is a dynamic network that ensures barrier integrity, orchestrates immune responses, and regulates inflammation to prevent excessive tissue damage. This dual function of mucosal immunity, encompassing both protection and tolerance, is essential for maintaining health. However, dysregulation of mucosal immune responses can lead to a variety of diseases, including infections, autoimmune disorders, allergies, and inflammatory conditions. This review highlights the complex mechanisms of mucosal immunity, focusing on its dual role in maintaining barrier integrity and immune activation. We also explore how disruptions in these processes contribute to disease and discuss potential therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring mucosal immune function. Understanding the balance between immune activation and tolerance in mucosal immunity is crucial for developing novel interventions to prevent and treat a wide range of health conditions.