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Abstract

This research synthesis explores key components of the global carbon cycle, including terrestrial, oceanic, and soil carbon dynamics. It examines the influence of rising CO2, ocean acidification, permafrost thaw, deforestation, and freshwater systems on carbon sequestration and release. The impact of climate change on these processes, such as altered precipitation and ocean warming affecting the biological pump, is also discussed, underscoring the interconnectedness of Earth’s systems and the urgency for climate action.

Keywords: Carbon Cycle脥戮 Terrestrial Ecosystems脥戮 Ocean Carbon Sinks脥戮 Soil Carbon Sequestration脥戮 Permafrost Thaw脥戮 Forest Carbon Dynamics脥戮 Freshwater Ecosystems脥戮 Biological Pump脥戮 Climate Change Feedbacks脥戮 Global Carbon Budget