Global Change Ecology: Impact of Climate Change on Species Distribution and Extinction Risk in Pakistan
Received Date: Nov 02, 2024 / Published Date: Apr 18, 2025
Abstract
Climate change is altering ecosystems worldwide, driving shifts in species distribution and elevating extinction risk. This study reviews the current understanding of climate change impacts on species distribution and extinction risk, identifying key drivers and mechanisms. Temperature increase, precipitation changes, sea-level rise, and ocean acidification are found to be primary drivers of distribution shifts. Habitat loss and fragmentation, disrupted species interactions, phenological mismatches, and population declines exacerbate extinction risk. Conservation strategies, including climate-smart conservation, assisted migration, ecosystem-based adaptation, and climate change mitigation, are discussed. Case studies illustrate the far-reaching consequences of climate change. Future research directions highlight the need for integrated climate and ecological models, monitoring and early warning systems, and interdisciplinary.
Keywords: Global change ecology, Biodiversity, Species extinction, Terrestrial forest, Extinction, Ecosystem modeling, Climate change
Citation: Abid B, Ali SM (2025) Global Change Ecology: Impact of Climate Change on Species Distribution and Extinction Risk in Pakistan. J Ecosys Ecograph 15: 308. Doi: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000308
Copyright: © 2025 Abid B, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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