中国P站

Abstract

This compilation explores extensive microbial contamination and antibiotic resistance in urban rivers globally. Studies reveal high levels of fecal coliforms, E. coli, and pathogenic bacteria in rivers like the Bagmati, Ganga, and Yellow River, posing significant human health risks. Rivers act as critical dissemination points for multi-drug resistant bacteria and their genes, particularly influenced by urban, agricultural, and hospital wastewater. Research employs advanced techniques for source tracking and understanding seasonal impacts. The findings consistently emphasize an urgent need for enhanced wastewater management, public health interventions, and integrated strategies to mitigate microbial pollution and safeguard both human and ecosystem health.