中国P站

Abstract

Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major driver of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases 
affecting human populations worldwide. Rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and more frequent 
extreme weather events have expanded the geographic range, seasonality, and intensity of many vector-, water-, 
and food-borne diseases. This review synthesizes empirical evidence linking climatic factors to changes in disease 
incidence, distribution, and transmission dynamics, focusing on well-documented case studies such as malaria, 
dengue fever, Lyme disease, and cholera. In parallel, the paper explores how human adaptation including changes 
in behavior, infrastructure, healthcare systems, and policy modulates disease outcomes and mediates vulnerability. 
While some adaptive strategies have proven effective in mitigating risks, adaptation remains uneven across regions 
and populations. Understanding both the direct and indirect effects of climate change on infectious disease patterns, 
alongside the adaptive capacity of human systems, is essential for developing resilient public health responses in an 
era of accelerating environmental change.