中国P站

Abstract

Primary bone tumors encompass a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, ranging from benign lesions to highly aggressive sarcomas. While their histologic classification has traditionally guided diagnosis and management, advances in molecular biology and genetics have significantly reshaped our understanding of these tumors. Insights into tumor-specific genetic alterations, signaling pathways, and oncogenic drivers have enhanced diagnostic precision, prognostication, and therapeutic development. This article explores the molecular and genetic underpinnings of the most prevalent primary bone tumors, including osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma, highlighting their clinical relevance and implications for personalized oncology. As the field of molecular diagnostics continues to evolve, incorporating these insights into standard practice holds promise for improving outcomes in orthopedic oncology.