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Abstract

Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, is closely associated with systemic health, impacting conditions like
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Current research focuses on the oral microbiome, host immune responses,
andinflammatorymediators. Geneticfactors influence susceptibility, while advanced imaging techniques like CBCT aid indiagnosis.
Therapeutic strategies are evolving beyond traditional methods to include adjunctive antimicrobial and host modulation therapies,
as well as regenerative approaches. Precision medicine aims to personalize treatment based on individual patient profiles, with
inflammation playing a central role in disease pathogenesis and a target for novel therapies.