Periodontal Diseases: Inflammation, Microbiome, and Risk Factors
Received Date: Oct 01, 2025 / Accepted Date: Oct 29, 2025 / Published Date: Oct 29, 2025
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are chronic inflammatory conditions driven by oral dysbiosis, affecting tooth-supporting structures and
potentially causing tooth loss. Risk factors include poor hygiene, smoking, diabetes, and genetics. Pathogenesis involves complex
interactions between the oral microbiome and host immunity, with specific bacteria and inflammatory mediators contributing to
tissue destruction. Systemic health, particularly diabetes, has a bidirectional relationship with periodontal health. Emerging research
focuses on novel therapies, the gut-lung-oral axis, and personalized approaches. Advanced imaging and microbiome analysis aid
diagnosis and treatment planning.
Citation: Kim DM (2025) Periodontal Diseases: Inflammation, Microbiome, and Risk Factors. J Dent Pathol Med 09: 302.
Copyright: © 2025 Dr. Min-Jae Kim This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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