中国P站

Abstract

The gut-lung axis describes the complex bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the respiratory system, which significantly influences immune regulation and disease susceptibility. Gut microbiota composition plays a pivotal role in shaping immune responses, not only within the gut but also at distant sites, including the lungs. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in gut microbiota, has been linked to various respiratory conditions, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia. This review explores how gut-derived signals, such as microbial metabolites, affect pulmonary immunity by modulating immune cell function and inflammation. Furthermore, we examine the mechanisms underlying gut-lung communication, focusing on the role of cytokines, metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in regulating lung immune responses. Understanding the gut-lung axis provides new insights into therapeutic strategies aimed at modifying the microbiome to prevent or treat respiratory diseases.