Trace Metal Speciation: Methods, Challenges, and Impacts
Received Date: Oct 01, 2025 / Published Date: Oct 29, 2025
Abstract
This review synthesizes recent advancements in trace metal analysis and speciation across environmental and biological samples. It details key analytical techniques, including ICP-MS, SP-ICP-MS, HR-ICP-MS, and XRF, highlighting their application in diverse matrices from marine sediments to human milk. Emphasis is placed on overcoming challenges in sample preparation and matrix effects to accurately assess bioavailability and toxicity. The compilation underscores the critical role of these methodologies in environmental monitoring, health risk assessment, and food safety, advocating for continued refinement to enhance sensitivity and specificity.
Keywords: Trace Metal Speciation; Environmental Samples; Biological Samples; ICP-MS; Analytical Techniques; Sample Preparation; Ultra-Trace Analysis; Hyphenated Techniques; Metal Toxicity; Nanoparticles
Citation: Khan Z (2025) Trace Metal Speciation: Methods, Challenges, and Impacts. jabt 16: 810. Doi: 10.4172/2155-9872.1000810
Copyright: © 2025 Zarah Khan This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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