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Transcriptomics: Diverse Applications in Biology and Medicine

Amina Al-Hassan^*

Department of Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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This compilation of recent research highlights the transformative power of transcriptome analysis across diverse biological contexts. Studies employ single-cell and spatially resolved RNA Sequencing to map human organs and disease states, including liver and Alzheimer’s brains. Transcriptomics uncovers molecular programs, identifies biomarkers like BIRC5 in cancer, and elucidates epigenetic roles such as m6A modification in cancer and immunity. The analysis extends to plant drought resistance, aquatic immune responses, and complex human leukocyte transcriptomes. Advances include bioinformatics tools for data interpretation and discovery of novel therapeutic targets for conditions like sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. This work collectively deepens our understanding of cellular function and disease mechanisms.