Tumor Immune Evasion: Mechanisms and Overcoming Resistance
Received Date: May 01, 2025 / Accepted Date: May 29, 2025 / Published Date: May 29, 2025
Abstract
Tumor immune evasion presents a significant challenge to cancer immunotherapy. Tumors employ multifaceted strategies, in
cluding impaired antigen presentation, recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, secretion of cytokines, and expression of immune
checkpoints like PD-L1 and CTLA-4. The tumor microenvironment (TME) actively promotes immune suppression through cy
tokines, metabolic reprogramming, and extracellular matrix. Cancer cells manipulate immune cells, leading to an immunosuppres
sive milieu. Loss of antigens and HLA molecules also contributes to evasion. Hypoxia and extracellular vesicles further exacerbate
immune suppression. Overcoming these dynamic evasion mechanisms is essential for developing effective immunotherapies and
overcoming treatment resistance.
Citation: Carter DJ (2025) Tumor Immune Evasion: Mechanisms and Overcoming Resistance. Immunol Curr Res 09: 259. Doi: 10.4172/icr.1000259
Copyright: © 2025 Dr. James Carter This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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